Summary: Management of Acute HCV Infection
Diagnosis of Acute HCV
Recommended Testing for Diagnosing Acute HCV Infection
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RECOMMENDED
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RATING 
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HCV antibody and HCV RNA testing are recommended when acute HCV infection is suspected due to exposure, clinical presentation, or elevated aminotransferase levels (see Testing Algorithm figure).
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I, C
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Pharmacologic Prophylaxis
Pharmacologic Prophylaxis Not Recommended
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NOT RECOMMENDED
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RATING
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Pre-exposure or post-exposure prophylaxis with antiviral therapy is not recommended.
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III, C
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Medical Management and Monitoring of Acute HCV Infection
Recommendations for Medical Management and Monitoring of Acute HCV Infection
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RECOMMENDED
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RATING
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After the initial diagnosis of acute HCV with viremia (defined as quantifiable RNA), HCV treatment should be initiated without awaiting spontaneous resolution.
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I, B
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Counseling is recommended for patients with acute HCV infection to avoid hepatotoxic insults, including hepatotoxic drugs (eg, acetaminophen) and alcohol consumption, and to reduce the risk of HCV transmission to others.
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I, C
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Referral to an addiction medicine specialist is recommended for patients with acute HCV infection related to substance use.
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I, B
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Antiviral Therapy
Recommended Regimens for Patients With Acute HCV Infection
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RECOMMENDED
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RATING
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Owing to high efficacy and safety, the same regimens that are recommended for chronic HCV infection are recommended for acute infection.
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IIa, C
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